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Possibility of using EMW radiation for killing biotic pests
Gintar, Jan ; Klečka,, Tomáš (referee) ; Pěnčík, Jan (referee) ; Šuhajda, Karel (advisor)
The remediation of building elements and structures in terms of moisture and sterilization (inactivation) of biotic pests is dealt with quite often in construction practice and in the construction industry itself, and is thus a topical issue. The issue is dealt with by specialized companies that know the use of available technology on the market, or are themselves involved in the development and improvement of these devices. Several methods are known for the removal of moisture and sterilization of biotic pests, with sufficiently high-quality data on the technology used, the suitability of the equipment used, a more detailed description of the application of the methods themselves and the results themselves. The methods themselves, for removing moisture and eliminating (inactivating) biotic pests, must be chosen according to individual requirements, as some methods will be more appropriate (more effective) and some less suitable. For the practice itself, however, it is important that the methods are sufficiently effective and at the same time available to the wider public (their economic side). In my dissertation thesis I focus on the potential of EMW radiation utilization not only for liquidation of biotic pests (fungi, fungi, wood decaying insects), but also elimination or reduction of necessary conditions for survival or development of these biotic pests. Therefore, my work also focuses on the presence of moisture, because moisture is a common factor in the vast majority of problems associated with the occurrence of biotic pests. Due to its intensity, it is one of the less time-consuming method and therefore a more cost-effective (economically) method. The research I conducted at VUT FAST focused on the use of microwave radiation in the control of biotic pests, under conditions that are close to those on real constructions. The use of a microwave method to eliminate biotic pests and at the same time to remove moisture has proved to be advantageous.
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Disposal of Biotic Pests by EMW Radiation
Sobotka, Jindřich ; Klečka,, Tomáš (referee) ; Myslín, Jiří (referee) ; Tomíček,, Oldřich (referee) ; Šuhajda, Karel (advisor)
The possibility of using high-frequency electromagnetic radiation in the construction sector is a common knowledge. Various experiments have been carried out to dry construction materials, or even to destroy biotic pests. However, the majority of these experiments have been executed in laboratory conditions. It means they have been carried out under exact limiting conditions, often very far off those conditions in real building practice. Therefore, this dissertation aims at exploring the possibility of utilizing microwave technology in drying and heating of construction materials, in disposing of biotic pests and sterilizing building materials under real conditions in building practice. The thesis will explain that microwaves are a term given to a part of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is based on the principle that the radiated energy is absorbed by water molecules present in moist building material. In the mass of the irradiated material, the radiated energy is transformed into thermal energy, where a so-called “motion” of water molecules occurs with the energy then being transformed into kinetic energy. The microwave technology itself offers a very wide range of use, which can be easily achieved, thus making the technology available to use in the future. Part of the experiments and the necessary measurements, too, has been carried out on selected types of building materials in the premises of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of Brno University of Technology. They have been executed under conditions which most closely correspond to the conditions in real buildings. Part of the experiments and the necessary measurements were carried out on particular constructions, by the so-called in situ method. As stated in the conclusion of the dissertation, laboratory measurements and the in situ measurements differ considerably in some cases.
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Heat pumps for heating and hot service water preparation
Valášek, Martin ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is aimed to describe heating and water warming in the detached houses by basic technical devices and there are suggested various types of heat pumps for a particular object. These heat pumps are compared technically and economically. In the beginning of the thesis there is a summary of the possible ways of the house heating and water warming systems, such as heating by electric power, by gas, by solid fuel or the centrally distributed heating. Then the thesis concentrates on heat pumps. There are described various types of heat pumps, also their advantages and disadvantages. There were chosen four main types of heat pumps – air/water, air/air, water/water and earth/water – and with each type there’s constructed a plan for a low-energy house heating. This house is located in Vyškov and there’s thermal loss of 6 kWh and water-warming of a capacity of 260 l per day. At last there were used economical calculations, which shown, that the water/water heat pump has the shortest return rate in comparison with a gas-using heating system – 5 years. Considering the lifespan of the heat pumps – 10-20 years – all the heat pumps are profitable except for the air/air heat pump. The investment in this heat pump doesn’t return.
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Thermodynamic method for assessing hydraulic machine efficiency
Mizera, Ladislav ; Ševčík, Petr (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
The master´s thesis contained basic information about the method of thermodynamic efficiency of hydraulic machines. The first part briefly mentioned our opinion on the most widely used method for determining the efficiency of hydraulic machines. Another section of thesis is characterization and measurement procedure using the thermodynamic method. Another section describes measurements of water plants and laboratory measurements, which took place in the past. The final part describes the results of laboratory measurements, which took place in the lab of VUT FSI Brno, and evaluating and comparing the results.
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Vortex tube made by additive technology
Spáčil, Petr ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Chýlek, Radomír (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is designing and 3D printing of a detachable Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube. In the following chapters will be presented basic types of vortex tubes and its usage. Then the thesis deals with parameters, that have an impact on the effectiveness of vortex tube. In the main part, the design of individual parts is described. After 3D printing and assembling, the vortex tube's performance is measured with variations of some parameters.
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Mixing and kneading machine
Kopáček, Petr ; Anderle, Martin (referee) ; Prokeš, František (advisor)
This diploma work deals with design of the mixing and kneading machine which works with heated mixed components. The components consist of PET, HDPE, silica sand and additives. First, there is introduced knowledge from accessible sources, which are concerned with the theme. Then follows projection of variants and selection of suitable solution. With the help of obtained konwledge and the chosen variant is performed design proces. In the end is created a concept assemble of the machine. The design proces includes projecting of the individual parts, strength verification of the basic elements and design of heating device.
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Solar heating tap water
Kracík, Petr ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the heating of hot service water by means of solar energy through solar collectors. At the beginning the author describes the most frequent methods for heating of service water in Czech houses with the help of electrical energy, fossil fuel, gas and central heat supply, including the input expenses for buying equipment. The author describes a solar system and his basic elements and suggests two variants with supplement heating by means of electrical energy, which compares with electrical heating of service water. The overall thesis is conceived as a review of possibilities of heating hot service water in households with economical budget at the end of the work.
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Air conditioning design in multifunctional sports hall
Navrátil, Radek ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Blasinski, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the design of air-conditioning equipment in the building of a multifunctional hall in Brno and also includes an experimental analysis of air flow. It consists of 3 parts. In the first part a theory of air distribution is elaborated. The second part deals with the analysis of air flow for different types of air diffusers and for one diffuser further looks for a simplified model. The last part of this work is focused on the design of air conditioning equipment in the assigned building, the multifunctional sports hall.
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Heat-Hydraulic Design of the Exchanger for the Test Device
Únar, Jan ; Toman, Filip (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the design of tube exchanger for testing device. The exchanger will serve to heat or cool the flowing air to the desired value. The heating / cooling medium flowing in the tubular space is water. The first part describes the functions, distribution, requirements and current trends of heat exchangers. The second part consists of thermal and hydraulic calculations for the variant of bare tubes and finned tubes and evaluation of results. The result of this work is a design of a tube exchanger, which has the shape of a square type channel for both variants.
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Microplasma Noise as a Diagnostic Tool for PN Junctions of High-Voltage Rectifier Diodes
Raška, Michal ; Chobola, Zdeněk (referee) ; Hájek, Karel (referee) ; Koktavý, Pavel (advisor)
The doctoral thesis deals with diagnostics of local defects in PN junctions and brings new information about microplasma noise behaviour and its usage for the temperature changes detection inside PN junctions. Defects in PN junctions are the source of microplasma noise. There were deviations observed in microplasma noise from the common known rectangle shape pulses during the measurements. These deviations were correlated with the temperature change directly in the defect area and in the defect area surroundings. Generation and recombination coefficients are commonly thought to be constant. However, these coefficients were observed to be not stable with time and this effect is explained in this work. The doctoral thesis then focuses on the PN junction parameters determination in the case when it is not possible to define unambiguously whether it is abrupt or linearly graded PN junction. The most significant parameters which are to be determined are barrier capacity, diffusion voltage and depleted area width in dependence on the voltage. The correlation between local avalanche discharge in PN junction and negative differential resistance appearance on VA characteristics of reverse-biased diode was qualitatively verified. The last important point in the work is computer modelling of temperature behaviour in the defect area and its surroundings during local avalanche breakdown. Thus the method of real diodes heating area parameters determination was introduced.
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